What is the Parallel Computing?
With the Parallel Computing it is possible to subdivide a program in more processes that work on different processors and that they exchange data in cooperation. In this way the resources of memory and ability to calculation can be taken advantage of parallel more computer, optimizing and diminishing in drastic way the times of execution of the programs.
What is the cluster of computer?
A cluster of computer it is constituted from a group of computer, interconnected with a fast net, whose nodes are characterized by powerful and equipped CPU of much memory RAM. Therefore through an operating system (of Linux type) and with specific software used for the programming parallel they come from each other interconnected in order to form a supercomputer. The main advantages of the cluster of computer regarding the supercomputers trade them are:
o Economization: from 5 to 10 more economic times regarding the workstation and to the supercomputers it trades them.
o Reliability and easy maintenance: a cluster can be always maintained with easy available hardware on the market of the PC, and in the same way can be repaired.
o Platform standard: Several of the software used for the parallel computing and the library used to prepare the cluster is same of commercial workstation. o Open Source software: It has therefore all the advantages deriving from available, and programmable software, that is completely extremely reliable according with the philosophy of open source liberations, continuously supported.
Speed and power for the scientific calculation
Typically the numerical simulations demand remarkable resources of calculation and of memory and often, in spite of the technology it evolves quickly so, a single computer can not be sufficient. Then it has been forced to simplify the model of the simulation in several ways, according to the limitations of the calculation resources that are had on hand. Cluster of computer and the parallel computing comes encounter to these requirements and concurs of make fast those simulations that demand excessive times on a single computer. Moreover they make available a more powerful and flexible architecture, in a position to adapting own calculation abilities and of memory to the requirements of the single application.
The cluster: An issue of costs
The cluster of computer is a relatively recent technology, that it means to apply the typical solutions of the supercomputers using common hardware, pulling down the costs remarkably. The task to carry out on the parallel machine comes left again between the several units of calculation, and the communication between the processors happens through a local net. A cluster a machine is to all the effects parallel and can be programmed with the same techniques of the supercomputers. The advantage that comes offered is the extreme convenience of the members hardware, that they render the cluster able to more obtain great performances to contained costs. To this we can add the remarkable flexibility, that it allows to realize cluster that they go from little computers until to hundred of unit in a position to competing with the supercomputers parallels of you wrap average. To parity of performances with the supercomputers, the cluster they can catch up relationships of price from 5 to 10 inferior times. Parallel computing can be considered an evolution of serial computing that attempts to emulate many complex, interrelated events happening at the same time like:
- Tectonic plate drift
- Weather and ocean patterns
- Industrial assembly line
- Daily operations within a business
- Planetary and galactic orbits
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